Understanding what a Varifocal Security Camera is

What Is A Varifocal Security Camera?
One of the best values in security cameras are those equipped with a varifocal lens. These lenses come for a variety of camera styles with the two most popular choices being very-focal lenses on dome cameras and box cameras.
Varifocal Lenses Are Great For Businesses That Plan to Expand
These lenses are perfect in many situations. The first situation is a business that plans to expand to a new location someday. When a camera is equipped with a varifocal lens, then the business owner can easily move the camera to a new location. Adjusting the camera at the new location can easily be accomplished just by adjusting the focal length of the lens.
Varifocal Lenses Are Great For Homeowners On The Move
Many homeowners enjoy this benefit as the camera equipped with a varifocal lens can easily be packed up and moved to a new location. The homeowner may choose to move the camera when they move to a larger property or a smaller property and the lens can easily be adjusted to the new location.
Varifocal Lenses Provide Flexibility
The varifocal lens also makes a great choice for business owners and homeowners who may not be exactly sure what size of lens they need. With fixed distance lenses, the business owner or homeowner must guess at what length of lens that they need. If they guess wrong, then the whole unit must be returned if allowed or sold as a second hand camera costing both time and frustration.
Change Location Of Recording Without Anyone Knowing
These lenses are also super at changing what the camera is recording without having to change the camera position. Without moving the camera, it is possible to record many different situations. This is particularly useful in a commercial setting when you may want to watch one situation one day and another situation the next. The lens will also allow you to change the angle at which you see a situation.
Many people are familiar with the zoom feature of a digital camera and the varifocal lens on a security system works very similar to the lens on that camera. Just like having more zoom ability on a digital camera, the wider the range of objects this camera can be focused on, usually by turning a knob on the outside of the camera’s housing.
Dome Varifocal Security Cameras
Dome security cameras can be equipped with varifocal lenses for both indoor and outdoor use depending on the housing chosen. The most common varifocal lens on dome cameras is the 3.6 mm to 8 mm lens. Remember that the wider the range of numbers the more choices you have when using the camera. Cameras with a 3.6 mm to 8 mm lens have a maximum angle of viewing of 79.22 degrees and a minimum angle of viewing of 33.4 degrees. It is important to look at the distance that you want to install the dome security camera from where the action will likely occur. The smaller the millimeter number the closer the camera will need to be to the action, but the camera will have a wide area where it will record the action. The larger the millimeters number the smaller the area that the camera will record the action, but the action can be recorded from further away.
In order to determine the right focal length consider these facts. If you are watching a parking lot with a lower millimeter lens setting, then you will be able to see about six cars parked about 15 feet away. You will be able to see the make and model of the car, but very little else. If you use a camera with a higher millimeter lens, you will be able to see more details, such as car license plates and face details, but you will be able to see very little space.

Infrared Dome Security Camera with Varifocal Lenses
These cameras can be equipped with different types of operating systems. For example, many business owners and homeowners choose infrared security camera with varifocal lenses. These cameras offer the owner the ability to use the camera when no light is available. These cameras emit a small LED light that provides enough light for the camera to operate. It is important to look for a camera with IR power that matches the focal length, as the lights will only broadcast so far.
Day/Night Dome Security Cameras with Varifocal Lenses
Others choose day/night cameras with varifocal lenses. These cameras are equipped with special mirrors that collect any available light and use it to produce the footage. As more light is available, the camera will take colored pictures, but in low light situations, the pictures will have a green tint.
Daytime Dome Security Cameras with Varifocal Lenses
These cameras operate with the available light, so if there are no light these cameras will not operate. They are great in many situations where light is available all the time. An example would be inside a retail store where the lights are left on even at night.
Other Considerations When Buying Dome Security Cameras With Varifocal Lenses
Whichever dome security cameras with a varifocal lens the user chooses to buy, the buyer needs to think about other aspects. The buyer needs to think about how the footage will be viewed. There are several viewing options including a dedicated VCR, connecting it to a computer monitor or watching it on a smart phone. It is also important to consider who will monitor the footage. Some business owners will choose to monitor their own, some will assign a staff person to do this job and others will hire an outside company to do the monitoring.
Resolution on Dome Security Cameras with Varifocal Lenses
The buyer of a security system will want to consider the security systems resolution. This is measured in either TV lines or in megapixels. The higher the cameras resolution, the better the details that can be seen in the footage. The colors will also be truer to real life. A 1.2MP camera has 3.5 times the resolution of an analog camera in its largest format. Therefore most users find megapixels cameras the better buy.
Sensors on Dome Security Cameras with Varifocal Lenses
A very important consideration when buying a dome security camera with varifocal lens is the size of the sensor. The smaller the sensor, often called a CCD chip, the narrower the angle of view. Sensors in these cameras usually come in four different sizes, which are ¼ inch, 1/3 inch, ½ inch and 2/3 inch. If you choose a camera with a ¼ inch sensor then the maximum angle of the field of view is 57.77 degrees and the minimum field of view is 22.62 degrees. If you choose the 1/3 inch sensor, then the maximum angle of the field of view is 79.22 degrees and the minimum is 33.4 degrees. If you choose the half-inch sensor, then the maximum angle of the field of view is 95.63 degrees and the minimum field of view is 43.6 degrees. When you choose the largest sensor, the largest field of view is 113.22 degrees and the smallest field of view is 57.62 degrees.
Varifocal Lens Box Camera
Many homeowners and business owners prefer box cameras. These cameras are great because they deter many criminals because of the mere sight of the camera. The most common varifocal lens on the box camera is the 3millimeter to 15millimeter. This gives the user a wide range of angles to choose from when installing the camera inside or outside in protective housing. Just like with the dome cameras, varifocal lenses on box cameras smallest settings give the widest field of view with 15 millimeters giving the narrowest point of view.
Varifocal Lens Box Camera Sensors
It is important to consider the sensor when buying a varifocal lens box camera sensor. Again, like with the dome security camera the user generally has four choices. It is important to notice that the sensor controls the distance the camera can be placed from the target.

Varifocal Lens Bullet Camera
Bullet security cameras can also be equipped with varifocal lenses with the most common being 2.8 to 10mm. These cameras can also be equipped with the four different size sensors. It is important to consider the different combinations for this camera.
Costs
Most varifocal lenses cost about 20 to 30 percent more than a fixed lens camera, but consider the flexibility that is afforded with these lenses. One can move the camera to accommodate different situations. One can adjust the length of the lens to get the best picture. Furthermore, a person can buy cameras with different sensors to further expand their flexibility. Making sure that you buy the best camera for your money will assure that you are happy with the choice that you made.
The best process to use when choosing a camera is to choose the location that you want to put the camera in and then choose the style of camera that you want to install. Next, consider buying a camera with a varifocal lens. Then choose the size of sensor that is best for what you want to accomplish now and in the future. Finally, consider the resolution you want in the camera.

Understanding what a Pan Tilt Zoom Camera is

Pan Tilt Zoom cameras are a special breed of surveillance equipment, with the ability to capture events from multiple angles and perspectives, as well as survey a wide range of territory at once. A single Pan Tilt Zoom camera can often do the job of several unmoving cameras, which are stuck with fixed views and therefore able to record only what falls directly in their path. The best Pan Tilt Zoom cameras, like the ones we sell here at EZWatch, have multiple functions in addition to movement. Functions like night vision, vandal-proof lenses and casings, and IP capability. When you’re considering which type of security camera is the best for you, strongly consider PTZ models. They are unrivaled in their ability to sweep and monitor a wide range of space, and they’re easy to manage and control. Like all the others cameras we offer at EZWatch, these models have been battle tested in real life situations, and built to be easy to use and install for any buyer. They also come with our world-class customer service division, waiting to help you 12 hours a day. The security of your home or building is essential to your financial well being and your peace of mind. Invest in an effective, proven, efficient system. Consider our top of the line Pan Tilt Zoom cameras.

The Benefits of Pan-Tilt-Zoom Cameras

When considering options for any security system, there are a variety of products for customers to choose. One product that customers sometimes overlook is a Pan-Tilt-Zoom camera. This unit is very versatile and could solve many of the more unusual and challenging problems presented by larger installations. When video surveillance is needed, this style of camera can take the place of multiple fixed cameras and will give a much wider and more complete view of any area where security is a vital concern.
What makes the Pan-Tilt-Zoom camera versatile is its ability to be moved during operation. For example, the camera could be placed at the intersection of two hallways. Wiring is run between the camera and a control unit that is stationed near a video monitor. The operator can easily control the view of the camera and survey the entire hallway, depending on the immediate need. This is beneficial when there are different foot traffic patterns that must be closely observed during different times of the day.
When used to monitor a larger area, such as an outdoor lot or a large warehouse, the zoom feature will allow the operator to focus on a more concentrated spot within the total viewable area. This allows for more specific detail to be recorded in the event surveillance material is required for review. The centralized detail will provide a better chance of identifying what actually happened in a specific area.
A Pan-Tilt-Zoom unit also can assist security personnel in locating problems in large crowds. The surveillance operator can move the view to scan a larger area and locate any of the issues that often arise when a large number of people congregate. The operator is then able to notify people in the area to head to the specific location and assist. If the problem moves from the original area, the camera can follow the action and keep the whole scene under constant surveillance. If there are any questions later, the complete scene can be brought up on video, instead of hoping that the stationary cameras caught every aspect of the incident and then piecing the different camera views together.
As with any security system, unless you opt for one hundred percent coverage, which requires many stationary cameras and tends to be very cost prohibitive, these Pan-Tilt-Zoom cameras will allow you to cover a much larger area than with stationary cameras. The ability of these cameras to move with the action allows the operator to pick and choose the areas on which to focus and to assure that the targeted areas are monitored completely.
A PTZ camera can be a huge asset to anyone’s level of security within a well-designed security system. You can create a more complete level of coverage with fewer devices by carefully positioning a couple of these versatile units. If the same area only had static cameras, the coverage would be choppy and more units would need to be installed, giving you only a partial picture of any incident that might happen.

What is RG59 Cable

The RG-59 cable is a coaxial cable used for low-power video connections. The cable is a traditional coaxial cable used for transmitting video and audio signals across devices and cable networks. RG-59 cables are common in many home television setups as they are cheap and effective.

Components

An RG-59 cable is made of four components. The outer plastic sheath provides outer protection. Underneath that is a copper-braided shield, to provide further protection. An inner dielectric insulator insulates the cable. The final piece is the copper-plated core, which lies underneath all of the other components.

Frequency

The cable operates at a characteristic impedance of 75 ohms. The cable is typically used for base band frequencies. Base band frequencies are signals whose frequencies start at zero. Composite video, a popular signal used in televisions, is a base band frequency. The RG-59 can also transmit high frequencies, such as broadcast frequencies, although not as well.

Distances

RG-59 cables are only effect at short distances. Over longer distances, they have a high-frequency power loss that makes them makes them less than an ideal choice for transmitting high frequencies. They are effective at short distances, which is why they are commonly used for connecting devices within 5 or 6 feet.

Common Devices

RG-59 cables are frequently packaged with devices such as VCRs and cable boxes, due to the fact that they are more effective at short ranges. Since these devices are usually within a couple of feet of the television they are connected to, RG-59 cables are the ideal choice to transmit the composite video signal.

Similar Cables

Where RG-59 cables are ineffective at long ranges, RG-6 and RG-11 cable take over. These cables are similar in design and function, but they do not have the high frequency power loss that the RG-59 does and are more useful for doing the same job at longer distances. Fiber-optic cables are even more effective, and many cable companies have begun the switch to implementing fiber optics into their cable networks.

Spy Cobra Deluxe Key Stroke Logger

The Spy Cobra Deluxe is the Deluxe/Updated version of our most popular PC monitoring software. In addition to monitoring keystrokes and taking screenshots like the Spy Cobra, this Deluxe version now emails you all of the logged information, so you can access it remotely, via email.

Perfect for parents who want to keep an eye on their kids' computer activities, employers who want to monitor their employees' productivity, or private investigators gathering information. The SpyCobra is a covert computer logging device that is a giant leap forward in spy technology.

Installing the Spy Cobra Deluxe is simple and takes less than 15 seconds. Simply insert the USB device into the PC you want to monitor, click "Install", and the software starts tracking every single keystroke typed! It can even take screenshots at pre-determined intervals or when pre-determined words are typed.

As the information is logged on the computer, it is hidden and encrypted so that the computer user will not stumble across the logged data. When you are ready to retrieve the screenshots and keystroke data, simply plug the SpyCobra unit back into the computer, and with a click of a button, the information is decrypted and moved over to the USB drive. You can then take the information and examine it at your convenience later on any computer. The 4GB drive will store up to 60-70 thousand screenshots and practically unlimited text. This Deluxe version also allows you to email the logged data and screenshots to your email, so you do not have to manually remove the keystrokes from the PC. 
 Specifications:

•	Records keystrokes exactly as they are typed (case sensitive)
•	Records screenshots at either set intervals, or when certain keywords are typed
•	Compatible with Windows XP, Vista, Vista SP1, and Windows 7
•	Undetectable by most anti-spyware software
•	Locally stored data is strongly encrypted with unique key for each device
•	Internet Connection Required to Email Logged Data
•	Drive Capacity: 4GB
•	NOT Macintosh Compatible

Includes:

•	Spy Cobra Deluxe 4GB Drive
•	Instructions

 

Flyware: Smart Phone Monitoring

Flyware is a smartphone application that privately records and logs your child’s text messages, call history, and email messages. This software installs directly into the phone you wish to monitor. It is a very simple installation process.  You will only need your child’s phone for less than 15 minutes.  You will install Flyware by opening the web browser on your child’s phone.  You will then follow the simple steps featured in the step by step manual.  After initial installation, all data will be recorded and you will be able to view the information online in your parental portal.  The parental portal is a secure website which is provided to you.  All information will be available in your parental portal to view at your convenience.  You can access this parental portal by accessing the secure website which we provide.  Your log in credentials will be included in your activation email.

Flyware allows you to optionally capture SMS, Call Logs, Email received directly to an inbox on the phone, and Location using Cell ID (GSM networks only). All iPhone and Android products also include GPS Location. This information is sent to your private web account that comes with the service, using the Internet connection on the Target. Any events that occur after installing the program may be captured, even if the Target user deletes them from the logs afterwards.

Only Flyware LIVE will allow you to monitor the BBM.  Flyware is compatible with the Blackberry Torch 9800.  Yes, Flyware works world wide.

Email: Our Email function is such a great parental tool that Flyware offers.  Flyware will retrieve the incoming and outgoing emails from your child’s phone.  Once your child sends or receives an email then you will be able to view the complete content of this email in your parental portal.  This will be available for your convenience to view at any time.  The email will not be deleted until you choose to delete it.

*Android OS will only retrieve information sent from a gmail account.

Text: Our text message retrieval function is another great parental tool that Flyware offers.  All SMS are captured from your child’s phone.  You, the parent, will be able to view the full content of sent and received text messages.  In today’s time, with sexting and bullying, this is one of the most beneficial features of the software.  These SMS messages will be available to be viewed in your parental portal.  You can view these text messages at your convenience and they will be kept in your parental portal until you, the parent, choose to delete them.

Call logs: The call log feature of the Flyware Phone software is beneficial because it allows you the knowledge to know who your child may be talking to.  If the number is put into your child’s phone as a contact, then the contact name will appear.  If it is not, you will still be able to view the actual phone number in which your child has dialed or received a call from.  The call logs will be available to view in your parental portal at your convenience.

Location Tracking: If GPS is not available (due to the version of software, phone type, or the interference that can occur with GPS functions), then the location is shown as Cell ID. Cell ID can vary from 100m in cities to 3km in rural areas. We cannot include Cell ID maps but you can track and verify Cell ID with your own research. Flyware mobile tracking uses the Cell ID technique. Here is how it works: a network provider has several hundred radio base stations ( cells) that make up its network. Each base station is a "cell" which covers a physical area and these cells connect together to make up the entire network. The size of cells depends on the density of base station installed in a given area. Cell sizes can vary from 100m in cities to 3K in rural areas .A mobile phone connects to the network using the cell in which it is located.. As the mobile moves, it leaves one cell and joins another. The new cell then takes responsibility for connecting the phone to the network.

Every time the cell that "owns" the mobile changes, Flyware reads the cell id and cell name (if available) and delivers these to your web account. You can tell which cell controls the mobile by the name or by resolving the cell id against a database of cell id to locations.

 This software requires a monthly access fee of $4.95

Features

•  Works with all major smart phones including:
  • Android (2.2-4.4)
    
  • Blackberry (Only Flyware LIVE will allow you to monitor the BBM.  Flyware is compatible with the Blackberry Torch 9800.)
    
  • iPhone  - (Requires phone to be JAILBROKEN and running IOS 5.1.1 or below.  IPhone5 not compatible at this time)
    
  • Symbian
  • Windows Mobile
  • Flyware works world wide.
• Monitors most smart phone data including:
  • Text logs
  • Email
  • Call logs

Includes
1 x Flyware passcode to download the software from the Flyware website.

Druid Noise Generator

Protect your conversations against all kinds of eavesdropping!
Top-of-the-line protection system. This is the only device in the world which can give 100% protection to your conversations against interception or recording. The DRUID NG5000 creates powerful interference against all kinds of listening devices! Even if a person is standing next to the participants, they will not be able to understand what is being said. The headsets allow the users to hear each other clearly while the DRUID's central unit produces interference.  Powered from 110V or the internal rechargeable battery with a resource time of 2-4 hours.  The unit is supplied in a carry case.
Not all listening devices can be detected by existing methods. The DRUID NG5000 is a unique system for providing protection of human's speech.

Remotely controlled radio microphones, wired microphones, passive resonators, miniature voice recorders  practically all these devices cannot be detected by conventional methods. Even a modern cellular phone may contain a digital voice recorder; this means that any phone lying on the desktop could be used by an adversary to record a conversation. Therefore it is extremely important to have a reliable device protecting private conversations, not depending on their level of importance. The concept of the DRUID is based on generating audio interference produced simultaneously with a human's speech. The volume of this interference is higher than a person's voice; therefore neither listening device nor recorder is able to pick it up. The generated audio interference cannot be cleared by any noise-clearance- methods. At the same time the produced interference does not create any inconvenience to the participants of the negotiation thanks to the special headsets. The DRUID headset allows users to hear each other with crystal clear quality.

Features
Professional system for protecting speech between up to 6 persons
Protects against all known methods of listening, including all types of radio microphones, stethoscopes, voice recorders, passive resonators, wired microphones, etc.
The system uses usual multimedia headsets. 4 headsets PLANTRONICS AUDIO 355 included in the standard set
Absolutely harmless to your health: no microwave reflections or ultrahigh sound noise
Compared to a white-noise generator the DRUID provides a much higher level of protection.
The system is portable: supplied in a plastic carry-case it can be easily prepared for use.
Powered from an internal rechargeable battery the DRUID D-06 can work for up to 4 hours without mains supply
The system can be used in any situation, it is especially valuable when conducting highly important negotiations in an unknown environment

Specs

• Dimensions 23 x 6.5 x17 cm
• Power source AC 110V Rechargeable battery
• Type of noise Distortion plus Reverberation

Includes

• Generator
• 4 headsets
• Sponges for headsets
• Power charger 110V
• Manual

What Are the Benefits of Security Cameras in the Workplace?

Many companies are using surveillance cameras in the workplace to help protect the integrity and security of the business. Surveillance cameras may or may not be hidden. The use of surveillance cameras has brought forth many concerns about the protection of employees' privacy; however, there are benefits to employers.

1. Reduction of Property Damage

   • Visible security cameras work as a deterrent to damaging and vandalizing company property. The employer has a good chance of collecting money for damages based on proof on camera of who destroyed property. If the security footage is monitored by a security guard or company, the person damaging the company's property may be caught immediately.
     

   Theft Prevention

   • A lot of theft is committed by employees. Well-placed security cameras may help the company to identify any employees who may be stealing company property. Like in the case of property damage, having the surveillance cameras monitored by security personnel can increase the chance of catching anyone stealing company property and further discourage theft.
     

   Personal Safety

   • Violence in the workplace has become an increasing problem. Security cameras can help to prevent violence and help employees feel safer, especially if the footage is continually monitored by security guards. To help prevent violence it is important that security cameras cover areas that are minimally frequented and where an attack may be more likely to occur. Because violence can also be caused by non-employees, it may be helpful to monitor entrances to the building.
     

How to Install the Cell Phone Recon for Mobile Phones

Cell Phone Recon Installation Instructions

Follow the below steps to install and use the Cell Phone Recon software.

1. On the mobile phone you wish to install the Cell Phone Recon, open

the internet browser and type in the following URL http://www.cpr.cc

2. You will be prompted to download the Photo viewer application. Tick the

box to set application permissions,then select download. You will see

a list of options to allow/deny permissions, change all permissions to

‘allow’.

3. Once the application has been downloaded, you will need to reboot.

Switch off the handset then turn it back on. The handset is now ready

to be monitored

4. On your computer, visit http://www.cellphonerecon.com/admin

and select ‘Create New User’ to create a new login account. Keep your

username and password safe, as you will need these to login.

When creating the account, you will need to enter the IMEI of the

handset to be monitored. The IMEI can usually be found beneath the

handset’s battery compartment, or by

typing *#06# into your mobile.

The IMEI will then be displayed on the phone’s screen.

Enter the Key Code supplied with the Cell Phone Recon to complete

the account activation

5. To use the admin section and moni

tor the selected handset, log on to the Cell Phone Recon site with you username and password.It will take approximately 10-15 minutes for the mobile phone activity

information to be uploaded to the site

If you are having trouble with finding the IMEI serial number which is a 15 digit number you can also find it by going into the system settings, then about phone and then phone identity. Please note that finding the IMEI serial number this way is different on each phone.

Tracking Key Pro

The GPS Tracking Key Pro® is LandAirSea's® newest passive GPS vehicle tracking device. Just like the original GPS Tracking Key®, the GPS Tracking Key Pro is a compact and portable GPS tracking unit captures the complete movement history of a vehicle. The device can operate up to 80 hours on a battery cycle, depending on daily drive time and battery type. It can also be connected, via hardwire, to the vehicle's main power supply for continuous power, with no monthly fees.
Records every second, and accurate to within 2.5 meters of the device:
The GPS tracking data is recorded and stored onto the GPS Tracking Key Pro's flash memory. Users can download the data via USB port to personal computer using the LandAirSea Past-Track software package, which comes with the GPS Tracking Key Pro device (PC compatible only - not compatible with Macs).
The Past-Track software offers users the option of viewing the historical GPS tracking data in three ways:
1. An easy-to-read daily printable text log
2. Route display over an animated digital street map
3. Route display with satellite imagery through Google Earth

The GPS Tracking Key Pro also comes equipped with a motion detector, which automatically places the device into sleep mode after two minutes of non-movement to conserve battery life.

Features

Records every second, and accurate to within 2.5 meters of the device:
Address of stops
Duration of stops
Active Driving Time
Arrival Addresses
Direction of vehicle

Specs

• Water resistant
• Accuracy reading within 2.5 meters
• Operating on 2 AA batteries
• Battery life:
• 1 hour per day driving 6 weeks
• 2 hours per day driving 4 weeks
• 4 hours per day driving 2 weeks
• Sleep mode after 2 minutes of no movement

PhoneSpy2: Iphone 4s Hidden Cellphone Camera

With the way cell phones have ingrained themselves in today's society all around the world, no one even thinks twice about them.  Of course most phones these days have cameras built into them as well but those are obvious, what if you need something a bit more covert? That's where our latest device, the PhoneSpyV2, comes into play.
With a camera hidden in the top of the phone you can walk around pretending to text message or even set the phone down on a table or counter and record everything that happens without anyone having even the slightest idea. Best of all the device menu system even looks like popular user interfaces so you can use the device normally to avoid suspicion. 
Please note: Only the hidden camera functions of this device are officially supported.

Features

• Audio only recording option
• Records color video and audio
  
• Covertly record quickly with the touch of a button
  
• LCD Display shows view from camera (can be toggled off)

Technical Specs

•  Video Resolution: 480 x 320
• Video Format .3gp
• Storage: 8GB internal
• Storage Consumption: ~1GB consumed every 120 minutes
• Battery Life: Up to 3 hours of video recording
• Dimensions: 4.5" × 2.3" × .37"
• 3.5 inches HVGA screen

 Includes

• 1 x PhoneSpy2
  
• 1 x USB cable
  
• 1 x AC adapter
  

What is a varifocal lens

For the novice, security cameras choices may seem confusing. One question often asked by customers is what is a Vari-Focal Lens? There are two basic types of CCTV lenses. You can either get a fixed lens, or a vari-focal lens. A fixed lens has a set aperture that cannot be changed. They can be used for overviews or for close up detail, but they cannot be used for both or be adjusted. When you purchase a fixed lens, you will want to use a lens caluculator to make sure you are getting a lens with the correct aperture since you cannot adjust it once you install it.
A Vari-Focal lens is usually more expensive, but it allows you to adjust the aperture on the fly. This leaves less room for error and would also allow you to make changes to the view at a later date. Varifocal lenses come in various apertures. These are the general lense sizes. 2.8-12mm lens, 3.5-8mm lens, 6-60mm lens, and 5-100mm lens. The larger the aperture number, the more zoomed in the image will appear and the greater detail that can be captured. The smaller the aperture number, the wider the view and less detail will be captured. Keep in mind that all lenses have a give or take. The larger the aperture, the greater the detail, but you will get less of a field of view, so the image will be narrower. The smaller the aperture, the wider the field of view, but the less detail you will get.

The True value of a Hybrid NVR

Hybrid NVR/DVRs are appliances (purposed built computers) that can simultaneously support IP cameras and directly connected analog cameras. This provides simplicity and flexibility. Customers can start with their existing analog cameras and slowly migrate to IP. Specifically, unlike a 'pure' NVR, a hybrid NVR/DVR eliminates the need for a separate video encoder when connecting to analog cameras.
Hybrid NVR/DVRs are now being offered by almost all of the traditional DVR companies. However, many have questioned whether this meets a customer need or is done simply because it is easy for the traditional DVR companies to do.
Nevertheless, the hybrid NVR/DVR is quite legitimate and plays a critical role in very common scenarios in video surveillance:

• 80%+ of cameras today are analog and most of those cameras have many years of service left in them.
• In many applications (perhaps 30% or more of all systems), bandwidth constraints force customers to deploy recorders at the remote site near the on-site cameras.

In these scenarios, hybrid NVR/DVR systems will be very attractive. And since this scenario is very common, it will be a major factor for many security managers and the industry as a whole. To see why this will be a major factor, let's examine general NVR benefits and why they are reduced in these scenarios.
A main benefit of a pure NVR is consolidation of video management and storage functionalities. Rather than managing video in chunks of 16 or 32 across potentially dozens of appliances, centralized servers and storage clusters can be used. These servers and storage clusters can reduce equipment cost, power consumption and service costs. Indeed, main of the early adopters of pure NVRs and IP video systems did so because of this advantage.
The biggest challenge in consolidation is bandwidth availability. Consolidating requires video feeds from various parts of a facility/facilities be transmitted to a central location(s). To do this, requires sufficient bandwidth. Inside the local area network (usually inside a building), bandwidth availability is plenty and fairly inexpensive. However, in the wide area network (usually between buildings or campus), bandwidth is scarce and quite expensive. To centralize video management and storage across the WAN could easily cost hundreds or thousands of dollars per month, negating the benefits of consolidation.
In many distributed facilities with 4 to 32 cameras, organizations will have to manage and store their local feeds in their local premises. This is, of course, not new as it is the common practice with DVRs. However, it does affect the NVR business case and create incentive to choose hybrid NVR/DVR systems.
Economic Comparison of Hybrid DVR/NVR to pure NVR
When you have less than 32 cameras and you need to store and manage those cameras locally, the economics of hybrid NVR/DVRs are far better than pure NVRs.
A mid-tier 16 to 32 channel hybrid NVR/DVR costs about $6,000 to $8,000 (using online Google pricing for all estimates). The hybrid NVR/DVR does encoding, storage, management and serving of the video, all in one, with minimal on-site setup and configuration.
By contrast, a pure NVR solution can cost 20% – 50% more than a hybrid system and is more complex to setup and maintain. The additional costs come from having to (1) purchase standalone encoders to convert the analog cameras to IP ($200 to $300 per camera), (2) purchase software licenses for the NVR($100 to $150 per camera) and (3) purchase a PC/server with storage ($75 to $125 per camera). Additionally, the server needs to be set up, software loaded, OS tuned, encoders configured and connections established between encoders and NVR. It also takes more space, more IP addresses and because there are now multiple systems, increases the risk of integration or future service issues.
The NVR approach is much more complex and time consuming than the comparative hybrid NVR/DVR which is relatively plug and play. In a large scale environment where 100s of cameras were being consolidated, the cost savings often justify the additional complexity and setup time. However, in a small setup, the costs are quite significant.
Hybrid DVR/NVRs Provide a Smooth Transition
For any given customer, the most attractive hybrid DVR/NVR will be the unit from their existing DVR supplier. Even if the customer does not especially like their DVR vendor, all of their staff is trained on using that DVR's client software. Moreover, often, all of the DVRs are from one vendor, so the staff never has to worry about which software client to use. The same client software for the DVR can usually be used for the hybrid systems. This makes the switch seamless and transparent to the users. Customer are willing to switch but when it's close, the comfort of the staff is a major factor in sticking with existing processes and products.
What's the Downside of Hybrid DVR/NVRs
The biggest downside of Hybrid DVR/NVRs is that many are not truly hybrid. A genuine hybrid would be equally flexible with IP and analog. Mixing and matching many combinations of analog and IP would be standard. Supporting a variety of IP and megapixel cameras would also be standard. Exacq is a good example of a true hybid. The problem is a lot of so called 'hybrid' systems offer only token support for mixing and matching and for different IP cameras. One common technique is to offer only a few additional IP cameras, constrained to 1 or 2 IP suppliers, in addition to the 16 analog inputs. GE's Symdec is an example of a "fake" hybrid. Hybrid systems are supposed to give you flexibility to grow into IP. This approach is more of a trick than a benefit.
The other downside of Hybrid DVR/NVRs is that they may not offer the same advanced functions as NVRs. Though individual units certainly do not, most mainstream DVRs support the same type of advanced functions as NVRs do. For more information, examine my review on how DVRs have been catching up to NVRs. Buyers should examine this point but most mainstream hybrid systems should be quite close to NVRs.
Conclusion
For many mainstream security buyers, hybrid DVR/NVR systems are going to be the best choice. The lower cost, easier deployment, and lack of client changes needed will make the hybrid DVR/NVR very attractive for applications needing recording of moderate camera counts at distributed facilities. Buyers should carefully examine how hybrid the system truly is and how the functionalities compare to pure NVRs but may conclude that hybrids work best for their needs.

What’s The Difference Between Analog And IP Cameras?

When choosing security cameras for your home or business, you’ll notice a lot of talk about the differences between analog cameras and IP cameras. Both types of cameras work well in either personal or business security scenarios. An analog camera feeds your security images directly to a television, VCR, or DVR. An IP, or network camera feeds your security images directly to a Web server. Whether an analog or IP camera is best for you depends upon your individual security needs, so I’m going to list some differences between the two to help you decide on your security camera.

Expense

Let’s talk about budget first, because that is generally a primary concern for anyone looking to install a new security system or enhance an existing one. Analog cameras are cheaper than IP cameras. The technology behind the analog security feed is tried, true, and quite old – about 50 years old to be exact. As such, these cameras cost less than the newer and more technologically advanced IP models.
This being said, the IP models are generally easier to install than analog units are. They feed the security image directly to Web server, so any wiring you need is likely present in your home or business for your computers. Therefore, the cameras themselves may be more expensive, but the installation and wiring fees for an analog camera just might offset the difference in camera cost should you choose an IP.

Lighting

Cost aside, another important consideration for your CCTV security cameras is lighting. I stress to my customers daily that security cameras do you no good if you cannot see the images they are projecting. An analog camera works very well at recording images in many different hues of light. An IP camera performs much better in well-lit conditions.
With this in mind, if you are securing your home, for example, and you would like to spare your neighbors the annoyance of high-voltage mercury lighting around the perimeter of your property, you might do better with an analog camera. If you’re securing your business, which has lighting all around the property to keep it bright throughout the night, you would do fine with an IP camera.

Distance

Another thing I stress to my customers is distance. In this particular case, analog wins again for home lighting, whereas IP wins for business property. Analog cameras record well in light, but lose clarity the further away the image. IP cameras maintain clarity at longer distances, so they work well for securing larger areas, such as parking lots or warehouses, for example.
In terms of motion sensitivity, however, an analog camera is far more stable. This camera model might not project clear images at extended distances, but it can handle the shaking of high winds or even an earthquake better than an IP camera. Your image will stay truer on a disturbed analog camera than a disturbed IP one.

Clarity

Clarity at a distance isn’t your only concern, however, and I often recommend IP systems to my customers who desire a clearer and sharper picture. This is where the differences in technology come into play, and one of the reasons why IP cameras are more expensive than analog cameras. Just like pictures taken with digital cameras, the more pixels the better the clarity.
As I said at the beginning of the post, analog camera technology is older, and the maximum amount of megapixel resolution an analog camera has is 0.4 megapixels. An IP camera has as much as 10 megapixel resolution, so your image will be much clearer with an IP camera. This will, of course, also increase the cost of the camera.

Projection Feed

I briefly touched upon it in my introduction, but let’s talk a little bit more about the actual projection feed of an analog versus an IP camera. The security systems you see monitored on TV screens by security guards are generally analog CCTV systems. These cameras are hardwired into a recording device, such as a VCR or DVR, and are constantly recording and projecting the security images onto the TV screen.
An IP camera system can be hard-wired or wireless, and the image feeds to a network server. The server to which the feed is transmitted can be accessed by any electronic device with Internet capabilities. For example, if you have your home or business secured with IP security cameras, all you would need to do is log in to the server hosting your camera feed and voila! Instant security images on your computer, smartphone, notepad, or other mobile device.

Security Camera Security

It might sound silly to talk about security camera security, but let’s do that for just a moment! As I explained above, your analog security camera is feeding the images directly into a recording device. This makes your security feed susceptible to anyone with the capabilities of getting their hands on your tapes, or DVR recording units.
An IP security camera encrypts your security feed prior to sending it to the network server. It does this for several reasons, including compressing the data into a smaller size and securing it for transport over the Internet; therefore, if you are concerned about the security of your security images, you’ll probably feel more comfortable with an IP CCTV security system than an analog one.
As you can see, there are some significant differences between an analog and an IP security camera. The type of camera you choose really does depend upon your individual security needs. If you are securing your home, and simply want a simple, inexpensive system, analog might be the way to go. If you’re securing your business and have an expansive area to secure, you might find IP a better solution.

New trends in Security Cameras

The market for networked digital IP security cameras is growing rapidly as more companies seek affordable ways to protect their key assets, including personnel, merchandise and real estate. Responding to these needs, IP security camera manufacturers have worked hard to find ways to improve performance while controlling costs.
Together with high-quality optics and advanced image processing, one of the key aspects of digital camera performance is resolution. For various reasons, conventional security cameras have been limited to 640 x 480 pixel VGA resolution and this has caused frustration with many users who require more detailed images for analysis. Fortunately, recent advances in CMOS sensor technology have made it more economical than before to offer "megapixel" IP security cameras, which provide approximately four times the pixel count and twice the linear resolution of conventional VGA cameras. At the same time, advances in compression algorithms have resulted in more efficient data storage with minimal loss of image quality. These new algorithms enable users to manage the increased volume of image data produced by megapixel IP security cameras more effectively.
A good-quality megapixel IP security camera offers multiple resolution and data compression options to suit the needs of various users. In addition to megapixel resolution for detailed image analysis, many users require VGA resolution for low-cost monitor display and QVGA (320 x 240) or even QQVGA (160 x 120) resolution for use on mobile devices such as smartphones.
The two dominant forms of data compression in modern IP security cameras are Motion JPEG and MPEG-4 or its subset, H.264. Motion JPEG is best for applications where there is a need to extract individual video frames for detailed analysis, while MPEG-4 offers superior data compression for video data storage. The better megapixel IP security cameras on the market today provide simultaneous output of Motion JPEG at a variety of resolutions and MPEG-4 or H.264 video.
When it comes to the imaging excellence of high-quality IP security cameras, megapixel resolution and highly efficient image compression are only the beginning. These cameras must also be able to produce crystal-clear, low-distortion images from corner to corner in conditions ranging from extremely low light to extremely high-contrast lighting. This level of performance requires first-rate technology in both optics and digital image processors. Manufacturers that produce these key components in-house are a step ahead of competitors who have to purchase them from outside suppliers. In-house manufacturing ensures better performance because key components such as lenses and image processors can be built to work in total synergy with other camera components.
For most outdoor security applications, a high-power zoom lens is best. The greater the zoom range, the easier it is to obtain close-ups of crucial image details such as license plates or facial features. Conversely, space is at a premium in many indoor applications. This requires a sophisticated compact lens that combines clarity and low distortion with an ultra-wide angle of view.
Good image quality in low light requires many specialized camera features. Among these are a large-aperture lens, a high-sensitivity image sensor and an image processor that's capable of preserving detail while reducing noise. With these elements in place, the best megapixel IP security cameras can achieve excellent quality in color at light levels as low as .03 lux. For black-and-white images, good quality has been achieved at light levels as low as .001 lux. And for high-contrast lighting conditions, new algorithms such as those employed by Canon's Smart Shade Control feature allow selective brightening of shadow areas in the image without losing detail in brightly-lit areas. This capability is invaluable for many environments that combine outdoor and indoor illumination in a single scene.

Home Security trends for 2014

For decade’s analog cameras reigned supreme in terms of security. However, that is starting to change and expect 2014 to be the peak of this.
For the first time, experts project sales in digital cameras to surpass analog in 2014. Network cameras generally have more features and are more expensive than analog cameras. Despite less than 20% of cameras shipped in 2012-13 being network cameras, the revenue exceeded those of analog cameras.
The market is demanding for a better quality image. High definition is no longer a luxury, it is EXPECTED when looking to purchase any sort of video surveillance camera equipment. It wasn’t until recently that manufacturers were producing cameras that recorded in high definition. Consumers want the best quality video possible so they can clearly see what they are capturing.
Before now, small, discrete mega pixel Hi-Def cameras were not as widely available. Either the cameras were large and not discrete or small and standard definition. These covert cameras that could record high quality video seemed impossible to find. However, now consumers can have the best of both worlds. Manufacturers have realized that the market is certainly trending towards covert mega pixel Hi-Def cameras that are small and are high definition, so they can capture the best quality video. Smaller cameras create unlimited opportunities for types of covert cameras including clocks, smoke alarms and a variety of other common devices. IP video on small discrete security cameras are becoming more common. That trend is expected to rise in 2014.
In addition, the popularity of panoramic cameras has greatly risen. They have gone mainstream and are quite common everywhere. There are a variety of products in various shapes and sizes, available to the consumer who is looking for a panoramic camera that has high quality HD video.
In summary, it wasn’t until recently that the mega pixel market has demanded for small and discrete cameras. Surveillance security cameras that had mega pixels in the past used to be very large and revealing. In the security world, smaller may be better because it is more discrete and allows manufacturers to hide the cameras inside home devices.

Choosing a Monitored Home Security System

Price is obviously a driving factore in most consumer security system choice. But a low price on a system that does not adequately meet your families security needs is worth less than nothing.

Communicating with the Monitoring Center: Choosing Cellular, Broadband Internet, VoIP or your Phoneline

In the past just about every security system was dependent on your phoneline. This has now all changed, consumers are abandoning landlines, cellular/gsm technology is mature, and broadband high speed internet connections are commonplace. The most popular choices are cellular and landline monitoring.

What is better Cellular or Landline Home Alarm Monitoring?

Cellular monitoring is the best monitoring solution if it is available in your area. A few basic points set it ahead:

• The lines cannot be cut. A copper phone line cannot be snipped, a cellular enable control panel with battery backup (or charged batteries) is an independent device.
• No need for a landline. This is also provides ease of setup if you move.

Landline monitoring is still a secure, and viable method to monitor your home. But if you are not committed to landline based equipment or current contract we recommend cellular based monitoring.
Prominent companies that offer Landline Monitoring:

• ADT (Predominantly Landline)
• Protect America (also has Cellular and Broadband Packages)

Prominent companies that offer Cellular / GSM Monitoring:

• Vivint Security
• Lifeshield Home Security
• FrontPoint
• Protect America Alarms

VoIp and Broadband Home Security Systems

VoIP shines when it comes to long distance calls, but there are some potential issues when it comes to monitoring your house. Some VoIP companies recommend that they are not used for home monitoring, not all control panels work with VoIp, it is dependent on your home power and internet connection working. This adds many variables and potential weaknesses for monitoring. But it can be viable for low-cost DIY solutions despite VoIPs QoS (quality of service) issues.
Pure internet or broadband alarm monitoring means the alarm signal is not converted to a voice signal via VoIP. The monitoring center is sent a signal over the internet that the security system has been triggered. This is a preferable solution to VoIP since the control panel is designed to specifically handle this sort of signal. But the negatives are the dependency of your home network working, and power to house is required.

What questions should I ask about my home monitoring service?

The type of alarm monitoring as discussed above are a big issue. For prices review our home security system costs page for more details on comparing leasing a system versus buying a system.

• What responses are offered? Will I be contacted? Will a local dispatch be contacted? Will the police be contacted?
• Do I need a contract? Or can I have the monitoring on a month by month basis?
  • Not having a contract can result in large savings in case you ever move, or are unhappy with your provider
• What are the maintenance fees? How much is service if the system is at fault?
• Will I receive stickers for all of my doors and window entrances?

What questions should I ask about the security equipment installed in my home?

• Is the equipment installed proprietary? i.e. Could I used the equipment with other alarm monitoring vendors?
  • Proprietary equipment attaches you to that security company as long as you use it. Consider equipment that works accross multiple vendors
• How update to date is the equipment installed? Is it the most recent version?
  • Each year equipment manufactures improve and upgrade products, including features like less false alarms, more efficient power usage, greater reliability
• Do you have pets? How large are they?
  • Systems exist with tolerances based on the estimated weight of an moving object
• Is every entrance wired? (accessible windows and doors)
• Does the system log events? Can I review false alarms? Alarms and other events that occured in the security system?
  • This can be of great value for maintenance. Service technicians can read the logs to determine any issues a system may be having.

What about False Alarms?

False alarms are nuisance for home owners, neighbours and potentially police and fire departments. Technological improves are pushing forward in reducing the number false alarms.

• "Just Set" features, these indicate to the alarm company that the system had just been armed, this is the most common source of false alarms
• If you have pets does the system allow weight threshholds for detecting intruders.
  • A system could be set to overlook detecting signals from a 30 lb object or less. These weights can vary upon your needs.
• Does the system have Company contact delays?
  • When an alarm is should provide a gap of 30-90 seconds to allow the homeowner to disable the alarm with contacting the alarm company. This is helpful when you accidentally trip your own alarm.
• Ignoring short momentary breaks in the detection system. Such as any detected breaks less that 0.5s.
• Multi detect systems, requiring multiple sensors to detect intrusion within a set time period.
  • Called "Intellizoning" by Paragon
  • Called "Cross Zoning" by DSC

Understanding the Differences Between Hidden and Visible Surveillance Systems

Buying a security camera system can be a daunting task for a home or business owner. With the wide variety of video surveillance systems currently available, it can be difficult to know which surveillance system is right choice for one's environment.
Visible surveillance systems can be a great deterrent. For example, many retail store ceilings are covered with tinted domes with video camera systems. Some high-volume discount stores have hundreds of these domes scattered across their ceilings. While these systems are very intimidating for would-be shoplifters, they are not always what they seem. In many cases, only a fraction of these security domes actually contain cameras. The rest are designed to act as a deterrent. Since shoplifters can't tell which security domes contain cameras, they will often avoid areas that in a store that contain these security domes.
For business owners with a limited budget, deterrence-based systems can be a great way to save money. However, these systems do have limitations. If a false security dome isn't manufactured to the same standards as a real video surveillance security dome, shoplifters or other criminals may be able to figure out which areas of a store are watched. In addition, a business can expose itself to liability if it detains shoplifters without video evidence.
Homeowners can benefit from visible deterrent systems too. For example, many homeowners use security system yard signs and stickers to warn potential burglars about an alarm system. In addition, some homeowners use fake video camera systems to deter would-be criminals. However, it can be challenging to set up a fake outdoor video camera system in a convincing way. If an exterior video camera system does not appear to have any internal or external connections, criminals may assume it is fake. To avoid these types of problems, fake surveillance cameras must look like they have been professionally installed. For example, an outdoor security camera should not be mounted on a pole or tree with no visible cable.
Hidden security cameras are not an effective deterrent for home or business owners. However, they can be an effective way to document crimes while avoiding suspicion. When using hidden video surveillance systems, it's important to make sure that they create actionable documentation.
If a home or business owner can't act on a recorded surveillance video, it may have limited value. For example, most retail stores have a limited number of hidden cameras for monitoring customers. If a potential shoplifter isn't detained before leaving a store, the video evidence that a store documents may be of limited use as evidence. Because of this, customer surveillance systems usually combine both video documentation and deterrence.
However, hidden video cameras can be useful for documenting actionable crimes. While retail stores usually don't use hidden cameras to monitor customers, they do use them to monitor employees. Lots of cash register systems and cash management areas are equipped with hidden surveillance cameras. In many cases, problem employees at a company will engage in continual theft. By documenting negative employee actions, a company can proactively correct these problems.
In addition, hidden surveillance systems can be a great choice for homeowners. Many homeowners hire maids, gardeners, baby sitters, electricians, plumbers and other professionals to work inside their homes. With a hidden surveillance system, it's possible to detect theft, overcharging, child neglect and other common problems.